An Efficient Vein Pattern-based Recognition System

This paper presents an efficient human recognition system based on vein pattern from the palma dorsa. A new absorption based technique has been proposed to collect good quality images with the help of a low cost camera and light source. The system automatically detects the region of interest from the image and does the necessary preprocessing to extract features. A Euclidean Distance based matching technique has been used for making the decision. It has been tested on a data set of 1750 image samples collected from 341 individuals. The accuracy of the verification system is found to be 99.26% with false rejection rate (FRR) of 0.03%.Comment: IEEE Publication format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS, Vol. 8 No. 1, April 2010, USA. ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis

Low interference routing for wireless ad-hoc networks

In this thesis the primary focus is on the problem of interference between messages. The thesis discusses why the messages are blocked in a system? How adding a message impacts the cost of all other available links, which can be established in the system. This thesis analyzes how the availability of channels, increase in number of nodes and increase in the transmission range help in increasing the number of messages that can be handled in the network. It is also analyzes how critical is the selection of the maximum transmission range MTR, transmission range TR and required transmission range RTR. Therefore, the focus is on the method of tagging or evaluation of cost for developing any communication link between two nodes. The thesis proposes a system of evaluation of cost of each link and then utilizes the standard Dijikstra\u27 s algorithm to evaluate the cost of each message route from its source to its destination. Chapter 2 explains the proposed algorithms with examples and the way to evaluate the cost of the links, subsequently Chapter 3 discusses the actual simulation environment, the cost matrix, distance matrix and the comparison of various selections of number of nodes in the system (N), maximum transmission range (MTR) and the number of available channels for each node (Ch)

Right to Repatriation of Abandoned Seafarers: A Study in Light of Maritime Labour Convention 2006, and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966

The abandonment of seafarers is one of the major challenges that seafarers onboard vessels may face. In 2022, 1555 seafarers were abandoned on 113 ships. The port state's role in seafarer abandonment is crucial because it can assist abandoned seafarers by facilitating their repatriation. In practice, however, it has been seen in many cases that the port state of the vessel had restricted the disembarkation of the abandoned crew from the vessel by citing the reason that the vessel cannot be left unmanned. The present study will assess such measures adopted by the port states in light of International Law instruments, including the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966

Assessment of Role of Admiralty Courts in India in Protecting Abandoned Seafarers Onboard Vessels in Indian Ports

The present study will discuss the role of admiralty courts in India in protecting abandoned seafarers. Judgments and orders of Admiralty courts are analyzed to decipher the approach adopted by Indian admiralty courts for protecting abandoned seafarers in Indian Ports. Furthermore, it is seen how much time Admiralty Courts in India usually take to judicially auction the vessel in cases where the vessel under arrest has an abandoned crew onboard. Several suggestions are made on how Admiralty courts in India can better protect abandoned seafarers by using the existing legal regime. The study is doctrinal. A significant data source for the study comprises Judgments and orders from Indian Admiralty courts involving abandoned seafarers. In particular, five specific instances where seafarer abandonment was reported on the vessel are assessed, and all of these cases were litigated in the Indian Admiralty court. From work, it can be seen that Admiralty courts in India have played a crucial role in protecting the abandoned seafarers in Indian Ports. Courts have come out as a guardian of seafarers, and it was only due to the intervention of the courts that the seafarers, in numerous cases, were able to recover pending wages, repatriation expenses, and necessities onboard the vessel. Furthermore, it is found from the analysis of case laws that the time the court takes for judicially auctioning the vessel is much longer than the maximum period specified in the Admiralty Act, 2017. From the study, it can be concluded that although Admiralty courts in India have played an important role in protecting abandoned seafarers in Indian ports, still, there is a need for some changes, which include speedy disposal of admiralty litigations in India

Seafarer Abandonment and Vessel’s Flag State Role Analysis

Seafarers work in an environment of hardship and isolation. Abandonment is one of the major challenges faced by seafarers onboard vessels. Abandonment of seafarers broadly refers to the act of unilateral severance of ties by the shipowner with the seafarers’ onboard ship, whereby the shipowner causes a breach of fundamental obligations owed towards seafarers. Abandonment is one of the shady practices of the shipping industry, where seafarers are subjected to cruel, inhuman, and life-threatening conditions. For the last two decades, ILO and IMO have been working together to develop a legal framework to protect abandoned seafarers. As per the data on abandonment available on ILO Database, in the year 2020, more than 1200 seafarers were abandoned.These figures raise serious questions regarding the effectiveness of the present legal regime in resolving the abandonment situations. Legally speaking abandoned seafarer has plenty of avenues to seek assistance. They can approach flag state, port state, state of nationality, or seek relief through admiralty courts. In addition to these, the abandoned seafarer can also approach financial security provider for abandonment, the provisions related to which were added in MLC, 2006 by 2014 amendments. As the problem of abandonment constantly persists in the shipping sector, and the time taken to resolve the situation is often very long, the present paper will assess the flag state\u27s role in protecting abandoned seafarers. The challenges that the flag state has to face in discharge its responsibilities towards abandoned seafarers have also been discussed in the Paper

Histopathological study of neoplastic lesions of oral cavity and oropharynx

Background:Oral cavity and oropharynx is one of the most common sites for tumors and tumor like lesions in males especially in India. Development of lesions in this region is strongly linked with tobacco in form of smoking or chewing and alcohol consumption. Squamous cell carcinoma is single most common malignant lesion of this region.Methods: This study included 200 cases of neoplastic lesions of oral cavity and oropharynx. The study was carried out in the Department of Pathology of Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India during a period of two years from December 2013 to November 2015.Results: The results of this study showed that the prevalence of malignant lesions was 82.5% (165 out of 200); the males constitute 68.5% of them. Premalignant lesions constitute only 4% (8 out of 200); the males constitute 75 % of them. Benign lesions in 13.5% (27 out of 200); the males constitute 74.1% of them. Smoking was most common habit (31%) and buccal mucosa was most common site (18.8%) for malignant lesions. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor (found in 98.18% of malignant lesions).Conclusions: In our study, we concluded that majority of oral cavity and oropharyngeal lesions were malignant. Buccal mucosa was the most common site for neoplastic lesions of oral cavity and oropharynx. Carcinoma was most common, with Squamous cell carcinoma as the commonest histological variety. Any oral cavity lesion should have a tissue diagnosis for rational management of the case and to avoid mutilating surgery

Exploring regional solutions to fishermen disputes in South Asia

Indian and Sri Lankan fishermen are often in the news having been arrested for crossing maritime borders. Niroshika Liyana Muhandiram and Mohit Gupta write that this is not a bilateral issue but a regional one, and outline how fora such as SAARC and BIMSTEC could assist in coming up with long term solutions to fishing-related conflicts

Micro Phase Shifting

We consider the problem of shape recovery for real world scenes, where a variety of global illumination (inter-reflections, subsurface scattering, etc.) and illumination defocus effects are present. These effects introduce systematic and often significant errors in the recovered shape. We introduce a structured light technique called Micro Phase Shifting, which overcomes these problems. The key idea is to project sinusoidal patterns with frequencies limited to a narrow, high-frequency band. These patterns produce a set of images over which global illumination and defocus effects remain constant for each point in the scene. This enables high quality reconstructions of scenes which have traditionally been considered hard, using only a small number of images. We also derive theoretical lower bounds on the number of input images needed for phase shifting and show that Micro PS achieves the bound